Worksafe - Hand Signals in Lifting: The Universal Language on Site

In lifting operations using cranes, forklifts, or other lifting equipment, clear and fast communication between the operator and the rigger/signalman is essential for safety.
One of the most effective methods for on-site communication is the use of hand signals.

Hand signals act as a universal language, understood even in noisy environments, over long distances, or when voice communication is not possible.

Purpose of Using Hand Signals

1. Ensure Clear Instructions – Prevent misunderstandings between signalman and operator.

2. Enhance Safety – Reduce the risk of accidents due to miscommunication.

3. Improve Work Efficiency – Make lifting operations faster and more coordinated.

4. Standardize Communication – Ensure everyone understands the same signal meanings.

Role of the Signalman

• A signalman is responsible for providing visual instructions to the crane or lifting equipment operator.

• Must be trained and certified according to safety regulations.

• Responsible for ensuring the work area is safe before giving any signal.

Standard Hand Signals in Lifting

(Ref: OSHA & ASME B30 standards)

1. Hoist – Arm extended upward, palm facing forward, move hand in small circles.

2. Lower – Arm extended downward, palm facing inward, move hand in small circles.

3. Stop – Arm extended to the side, palm facing forward.

4. Emergency Stop – Both arms extended to the side, palms facing forward.

5. Travel (Horizontal Movement) – Arm points in the direction of travel, move hand back and forth.

6. Swing (Boom Rotation) – Arm points in the direction of boom swing.

7. Extend Boom – Both hands in front of the chest, push outward.

8. Retract Boom – Both hands in front of the chest, pull inward.

Tips for Using Hand Signals On Site

• Assign only one signalman to avoid conflicting instructions.

• Ensure the operator and signalman have a clear line of sight.

• Train all personnel to understand standard hand signals.

• Wear high-visibility vests or gloves to make signals more visible.

Conclusion

Hand signals in lifting are not just hand gestures—they are a vital safety tool that saves lives.
By following standard hand signals and maintaining discipline on site, the risk of lifting accidents can be minimized.

Worksafe Indonesia
Keep Safe, Be Safe!!